Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) imagery is used to demonstrate the development of lake-breeze boundaries in southern Ontario under different synoptic conditions. The orientation of the gradient wind with respect to the shorelines is important in determining the location of such lines. When moderate winds (5–10 m s −1) are parallel to straight sections of coastlines, cloud lines can extend well inland. Driver Sony Vaio Modelo Pcg-7d3p. In the region between Lakes Huron and Erie lake-breeze lines merge frequently, sometimes resulting in long-lasting stationary storms and attendant heavy rain and flooding. The influence of the lakes is apparent in the tornado climatology for the region: tornadoes appear to be suppressed in regions visited by lake-modified air and enhanced in regions favored by lake-breeze convergence lines. The cloud patterns in the case of a cold front interacting with merging lake-breeze boundaries are shown to be similar to those on a major tornado outbreak day.

Two of the cases discussed are used as conceptual models to explain many of the features in the patterns of tornado touchdown locations. In general, it appears that the lakes suppress tornadoes in southern Ontario, compared with neighboring states and in particular in areas where southwest winds are onshore, but enhance tornado likelihood locally in areas of frequent lake-breeze activity.

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The effects of the Great Lakes on winter weather in southern Ontario are well known (see ) but there has been less systematic study of summertime effects. Discussed two cases in which severe thunderstorms formed on lake-breeze fronts at the west end of Lake Ontario. Forecasters at the Regional Centre Toronto Office (RCTO) (; ) have pointed out the likely involvement of lake breezes in severe weather events., related maxima in lightning climatology and the occurrence of quasistationary rainstorms to lake breezes. The lead author began studying lake breezes and their effects on summer severe weather in 1994 with the cooperation of forecasters at RCTO., hereafter KLM96) demonstrated a relationship between lake breezes and tornado climatology in southern Ontario. Suggested that a tornado maximum in the central part of the southwestern Ontario peninsula is due to the deep inland penetration and merger of convergence lines from Lake Erie and Lake Huron. Discussed a case in which merging lake-breeze convergence lines resulted in a long-lasting squall line with heavy rain, golfball-sized hail, and damaging winds. The results described in these papers and from the Southern Ontario Oxidant Study—Meteorological Measurements (SOMOS) project () led to the Effects of Lake Breezes on Weather (ELBOW) project in 1997 () to study the inland penetration and merger of lake breezes.