Conner proposed A New Ladder of Citizen Participation. He opens the conversation by focusing on the price of citizen participation, its difficulties. A New Ladder Of Citizen Participation Pdf. There is a critical difference between going through the empty ritual of participation. Conner proposed A New Ladder of Citizen Participation. He opens the conversation by focusing on the price of citizen participation, its difficulties.

'A Ladder of Citizenship Participation' From Journal of the American Institute of Planners 1969 Arnstein, Sherry Arnstein was the chief advisor on citizen participation in the Model Cities Program at the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Main Argument Arnstein uses the metaphor of a ladder to describe the levels of citizen participation in urban programs.

The lowest level of the ladder is nonparticipation, including manipulation and therapy. Arnstein says that these are both dishonest and arrogant.

Turbotax Business 2012 Rapidshare Library there. Levels three to five are under tokenism, including, informing, consultation and placation. Informing and consultation meaning telling the people about their rights and getting their opinions.

Placation is giving the citizens demands. Six to eight are under citizen power, including, partnership, delegated power, and citizen control. Comments Interesting ideas --Fina Robertson.